Researchers suggest obesity's effects on cancers vary depending on the type of tumour
研究人员表示肥胖对癌症的影响因肿瘤的类型而异。

Being overweight and obese puts people at greater risk of developing 10 of the most common cancers, according to research in the Lancet medical journal.
据医学杂志《柳叶刀》报道，超重或者肥胖使人们患10大常见癌症的几率增高。

Scientists calculated individuals carrying this extra weight could contribute to more than 12,000 cases of cancer in the UK population every year.
科学家得出的数据显示每年英国超过12000例癌症病例与超重相关。

They warn if obesity levels continue to rise there may be an additional 3,700 cancers diagnosed annually.
他们警告如果肥胖程度继续增加，每年还会增加3700例癌症病例。

The study of five million people is the largest to date to confirm the link.
这项研究覆盖了500万人，是迄今为止确认这种相关性的最大数据。

Large numbers
大数据

Doctors often warn being overweight can increase the risk of developing cancer, but this study highlights those forms of the disease where the risk is greatest.
医生常常警告病人超重可能会增加患癌风险，而这项研究强调了患哪些癌症的风险最高。

Led by scientists from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine researchers gathered data on five million people living in the UK, monitoring changes to their health over a period of seven years.
在伦敦卫生和热带医学研究学院的科学家领导下，该研究收集了居住在英国的500万人的数据，检测7年来他们的健康变化。

They found each 13-16kg of extra weight an average adult gained was linked firmly and linearly to a greater risk of six cancers.
How big this risk was varied depending on tumour type.
他们发现成年人平均体重每增长13-16千克，患六种癌症的风险就会稳定直线上升。
而风险的大小则根据肿瘤的类型而异。
• Cancer of the uterus had the highest increased risk
• gallbladder
• kidney
• cervix
• thyroid
• leukaemia had the lowest rise in risk.
• 子宫癌的风险增长最高
• 胆囊癌
• 肾癌
• 子宫颈癌
• 甲状腺癌
• 白血病的增长几率最低

People who had a high body mass index (calculated using weight and height) were also more likely to develop cancer of the liver, colon, ovaries, and post-menopausal breast cancer.
体质指数（由体重和身高计算）高的人，患肝癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌、绝经后患乳癌的可能性更高。

But the effects for these cancers were less clear-cut and were influenced by individual factors such as the menopause.
但是对这些癌症的影响并不是很明确，也受到个别因素的影响，比如绝经。

Researchers say though obesity was associated with the development of the most common cancers – which represent 90% of the cancers diagnosed in the UK, some showed no link at all.
研究人员说肥胖和最常见的癌症之间有联系，占英国确诊数量的90%，但是与有一些癌症却毫无关系。

And there is some evidence to suggest a higher BMI is associated with a lower chance of getting prostate cancer.
还有证据表明体质指数高，患前列腺癌的可能性较小。

Modest risks
适度风险

Dr Krishnan Bhaskaran, who led the research, said: "There was a lot of variation in the effect of BMI on different cancers.
领导这项研究的克里希南•巴斯卡兰博士说：“体质指数对不同类型的癌症的影响有很大变化。

"For example, risk of cancer of the uterus increased substantially at higher body mass index, for other cancer we saw a more modest increase in risk or no effect at all.
“例如，体质指数高会大大增加患子宫癌的风险，而对另外一种癌症来说，可能只有较小的风险或根本没有影响。”

"This variation tells us BMI must affect cancer risk through a number of different processes, depending on cancer type"
“这种变化告诉我们体质指数对癌症的影响一定是根据不同的癌症有多个不同的阶段。”

Tom Stansfeld, at Cancer Research UK, said: "Although the relationship between cancer and obesity is complex, it is clear carrying excess weight increases your risk of developing cancer.
英国癌症研究中心的汤姆•斯坦福德说：“虽然癌症和肥胖之间的关系很复杂，但是体重的增加会导致患癌风险的增加这一点是明确的。”

"Keeping a healthy weight reduces cancer risk and the best way to do this is through eating a healthy, balanced diet and exercising regularly.
“保持健康的体重能降低患癌风险。最好的方式是保持健康均衡的饮食以及定期锻炼。”