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东北农业大学实验室感染事故引发的安全思考

放大字体  缩小字体 发布日期:2011-09-17  来源:21st Century
核心提示:近日曝光的东北农业大学实验室感染事故引发了公众对于高校学术安全的思考。高校实验室安全监管方面存在哪些疏忽(negligence) 与漏洞?而实验室中学生的健康安全又该由谁负责?


Chen Ling, 21, is supposed to be using mice in an experiment. However, the little creatures look sick. They crouch in the corner of the cage with a dull look in their eyes.
21岁的陈玲(音译)需要用小白鼠来做实验。然而,这些小家伙们看上去像是生病了。它们蜷缩在笼子的角落里,眼神呆滞。

Without gloves, the 21-year-old clinical medicine sophomore is reluctant to reach into the cage. What will happen if one of the mice scratches her and she catches a disease?
这位临床医学专业的大二学生不愿在不戴手套的情况下,直接用手去抓老鼠。如果被其中一只老鼠抓破了手而导致细菌感染那该怎么办?

The student’s worries about her security in her school’s laboratory have increased since the accident at Northeast Agricultural University in December last year. Twenty-seven students and one teacher were infected by Brucella during experiments on goats.
去年12月份,东北农业大学27名学生和一名老师在山羊解剖实验过程中感染了布鲁氏菌。这起实验室事故让作为学生的陈玲更加关注自己在学校实验室里的安全问题。

At a press conference on September 5, 2011, the university admitted that the accident was caused by the teachers’ negligence. When they bought the goats, the teachers had not asked the farm to issue a quarantine certificate. Nor had they arranged to have the goats quarantined before using them for experiments.
在2011年9月5日举行的新闻发布会上,东北农业大学承认该事故是由教师的疏忽造成的。他们在购买山羊时,老师并没有要求农场出具检疫证书。他们在实验前也没有对这些山羊进行检疫。

Even in the lab, the teachers had not been strict with health and safety. Some students and even the instructor himself dissected the goats without gloves on, according to an infected student quoted by Xinhua News Agency.
新华社的报道中援引一位受感染学生的话称,甚至到了实验室中,教师们也没有严把健康安全关。一些学生甚至是教师本人也没有戴手套便直接解剖山羊。

The accident has aroused public concern about the issue of safety in college laboratory experiments.
该事故引发了公众对于高校实验室实验安全问题的担忧。

“We want to know whether we are using healthy animals in our experiments; whether we are working in a safe lab,” said Chen, who studied at Wannan Medical College and refused to give her real name. She complains that her school is not providing enough funding to ensure laboratory security.
皖南医学院学生陈某表示:“我们想知道实验所使用的动物是否健康,以及我们工作的实验室是否安全。”拒绝透露真实姓名的她抱怨学校没有提供足够资金来保障实验室安全。

Li Manyu, 20, is a sophomore majoring in clinical examination at Zhengzhou University. As part of the course, Li’s teacher shows the students the rooms where the school keeps the animals for experiments.
20岁的李曼玉(音译)是郑州大学临床检查专业的大二学生。作为课程的一部分,李曼玉的老师向学生们展示了学校存放实验动物的房间。

The rooms look clean. Even so, Li feels that it would be better if students could see the quarantine process, and if the school identified those animals that had undergone quarantine.
这些房间看上去还挺干净。虽然如此,李曼玉认为如果学生能够看到检疫程序,还有校方能够表明哪些动物是检疫合格的话,那就更好了。

Many students say the problem is especially bad at the undergraduate level. Even in big, important universities, it is often only the key postgraduate labs that enjoy sufficient funding, according to Ge Xin. Ge (not her real name) is a 19-year-old sophomore majoring in chemistry at Xiamen University.
很多学生坦言实验室安全问题在本科阶段尤为糟糕。厦门大学化学专业大二学生,19岁的葛星(化名)称,即便是在重点院校,也只有那些重点研究生实验室能够享受到足够的资金支持。

Ge has had problems with the difference in the equipment in labs for freshmen and labs for postgraduates. Postgraduates, for example, use disposable test tubes when they do experiments on potentially dangerous heavy metal ions.
葛星对于区别对待新生和研究生实验室设备这一问题颇有微词。比如,研究生们在进行存在潜在危险的重金属离子实验时使用的是一次性试管。

However, Ge needs to wash the tubes after experiments. Worse still, she sometimes cannot find a suitable brush, so has to wash the tube with her finger, running the risk of touching heavy metal ions.
然而,葛星却需要在实验结束后清洗试管。更糟糕的是,有时她找不到合适的清洗刷子,就只能冒着接触重金属离子的风险用手指去擦洗试管。

“Undergraduates of some majors need to do a lot of experiments in the lab,” said Ge, who spends six hours per week in the lab. “The ‘easy’ experiments we do also have risks. The school should give the same weight to our safety in labs.”
每周会在实验室里呆足六小时的葛星说:“一些专业的本科生要在实验室中进行许多的实验。我们所做的许多‘简单’实验也同样存在危险。学校应该同样重视我们在实验室里的安全。”

Universities are responsible for offering students safe equipment for their experiments and giving clear security instructions, according to Jiang Kaixun. Jiang is in charge of a lab for manufacturing automation at Northeast Petroleum University.
东北石油大学自动化生产实验室的负责人蒋开勋(音译)表示,各高校有责任为学生的实验提供安全的设备并给予清晰的安全指导。

He revealed that professionals inspect the heavy machinery in the lab every two or three weeks to see whether anything needs to be replaced. Also, students can find operating instructions on the machines.
他透露到,每隔两到三周专业人员会对实验室中的重型机械进行检查,以确保是否需要更换某些零件。此外,学生还可以在机器上找到操作说明。

However, Jiang emphasized that students cannot totally rely on teachers to ensure their safety in labs. There is usually only one teacher in the lab for every 30 students. “The teacher goes around and inspects students, but he’s unlikely to be able to keep an eye on each one all the time,” said Jiang.
然而,蒋开勋强调学生不能完全依靠老师来保证自己在实验室中的安全。在实验室,通常一个老师要负责30名学生。“尽管老师通常会四处走动来检查学生的操作,但他不太可能始终照顾到每一个人。”

“Students need to follow instructions strictly and remain cautious about potential risks throughout experiments.”
“学生应该严格遵守实验说明,同时仍要小心提防实验过程中存在的潜在危险。”
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